Prehistory of Bangladesh

University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh GED 100: Bangladesh Studies Afsana Anjum Lecturer Room: 602 The course is concerned with the political, cultural, social and economic history of Bengal that dates back to 320 B. C. with the line drawing towards the present. Daily lifestyle, society, religion, culture, wealth of Bengal in other words how this nation gradually evolved into today’s Bangladesh is the main structure of this subject.With that, land formation, agriculture system, industry, trade and commerce, religious activities, language and literature, sculpture, art architecture- in one word all sort of activities of the people of Bengal that evolved from thousand years ago is the theme of this subject. We are trying here to find the root and trail to our present standing point in world civilization. Grading: 100 Points Unit 1: Environmental Background: weather and climate, land formation, river system, flora and fauna, mineral resources, demography, culture and religionUnit 2: Prehistory of Bangladesh Unit 3: Early historic Era (500 BC- 320 AD): Mshasthangarh and Wari-Bateshswar Unit 4: Late Historic Era-1 (320 – 550 AD): Gupta Era Unit 5: Late Historic Era-2 (525 – 750 AD): Sasanka, Gopachandra, Dharmaditya, Samachardeva, Khadga, Rata, Deva Unit 6:Early Medieval Era (750 – 1230 AD): Pala, Chandra, Sena, Varman Unit 7:Medieval Period (1204 – 1650): Sulatanate and Mughal Unit 8:Coming of Europeans and East India CompanyUnit 9:Liberation Movements: Beginning of Communalism, Birth of East Pakistan (1947), Language Movement (1948 – 52), Juktafront Electiuons (1954) , Six Point movement (1966), Mass movement of 1969 and Election in 1970, Liberation War (1971) Unit10: Political history of Bangladesh from Independence Unit 11: Bangladesh: achievements and challenges Unit 12: Review: what we've learned. References Books Banglapedia, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Bangladesher Etihas, 2006, Dr. Rahim, Dr.Chowdhury, Dr. Mahmud a nd Dr. Islam (Nouroj) History of Bengal- Vol 1 & 2 (Dhaka University) History of Bangladesh- Vol1, 2 & 3 (Asiatic  Society of Bangladesh) A History of Bangladesh- Williem Van Schendel History of Bengali speaking people- Nitish Sen Gupta Geography of Bangladesh, 1991, Haroun Er Rashid, UPL Bangladesh on the threshold of twenty first Century- Edited by Fakrul Alam & A. M. Chowdhury (Asiatic Society of Bangladesh) Bengali Literature, V C Ghosh, Oxford University PressEconomic Geography of Bangladesh- Dr. Harun ur Rashid Online Wikipedia: www. wikipedia. com http://bpedia. org/ http://www. banglapedia. org/httpdocs/bangla/index. htm http://countrystudies. us/bangladesh/ Internet History Sourcebooks Project: http://www. fordham. edu/halsall/ Project Gutenberg: http://www. Gutenberg. org/wiki/Main_Page http://www. historyguide. org/ancient/lecture18b. html http://www. hyperhistory. com/online_n2/History_n2/a. html

Psychoanalytic Case Study of Preston Essay

Preston was concerned over his aggressive behavior towards other males in and outside of the home. He had frequent altercations with his brother, both of whom lived with their parents. Preston was adopted at a very young age. This was a major cause of his recent issues. He feared that his emotions would progressively get worse, and that something detrimental would happen. In accordance with psychoanalysis, Preston was allowed to explore these issues through free association. Preston was shown that his subconscious had been concealing issues related to his early adoption. Preston was shown constructive ways to deal with these issues. Preston continues to make progress in this area, and is exhibiting less signs of his previous issues. Psychoanalytic Case Study of: Preston A Conceptualization and Treatment Plan The individual in this case study presents a multitude of symptoms that are affecting his daily life. The individual has many factors from his childhood that would contribute to these issues. This study goes to show how the subject’s childhood has a direct relationship to the issues that he is currently experiencing. The identification of these issues is necessary in order for treatment to be successfully implemented. Presenting Concerns Preston presents himself as suffering from multiple issues that affect his daily life. He claims to have issues with forming any relationships with other males. He states that he is overtly competitive when dealing with these other males. His biggest issues arise when dealing with his brother. Preston was adopted at a very young age, and has always had issues getting along with this brother. This aggression has moved from just dealing with his brother to all males in general. There have been instances where the police have been involved in altercations that Preston has had at home. He fears that this will continue until he is arrested outside of the home. Preston still lives with both of his adopted parents and his brother. Preston has stated that he is constantly vying for his parents’ attention, and his aggression increases whenever someone else is monopolizing their time. He does not feel that he will always become violent, but that his anxiety is constantly increasing in situations such as this. He is afraid that his frustration and need to outdo others will end very negatively. Case Conceptualization It appears that one of Preston’s main issues is that of Displacement. According to Murdock (2013), this occurs when a subject shows anger towards someone who is less dangerous than the real cause of an issue (p. 40). Preston shows that he has issues in dealing with the fact that he still lives at home with his parents. He verbally abuses those that he sees as â€Å"better† than him. Preston does not wish to abuse himself over this issue. So, he abuses others that he believes will accept the abuse. He seems to blame others for whatever failings he has in life. He takes his frustrations out on whoever is the most convenient to him. This involves rage towards his brother, as well as friends of his parents. The fact that Preston was adopted as such an early age raises the issue of attachment bonds as well. It appears that Preston may have become overly attached to his adopted parents. Much of this may have to do with the way that they raised him. His parents were very protective, and would cater to his every need. This seems to have created a kind of subconscious reliance on his parents, and the need for their constant approval. This leads to the constant need for their attention as well as the need to outdo peers. The aggressiveness towards peers does not seem to have started until Preston was old enough to identify that was adopted. He seemed to be displacing fear that his current parents would abandon him onto others. This is the main subconscious issue that is affecting Preston. His fear of abandonment has caused him to irrationally fear any force outside of his parental relationship, including his brother. This affects his appraisal tendency, which is the way his brain perceives threats and relates to his aggression and depression (Gilbert, 2007, p. 47). This is the disconnect that is causing most of Preston’s issues. He feels threats that just are not there. He remains living with his parents, constantly vigilant of anyone that will take them away from him, including his brother. This has manifested itself in a sort of hyper-masculinity. Preston’s ego identifies no other way to express these abandonment issues other than with aggressiveness. Also, the fact that Preston’s aggression has continued to increase could be directly correlated with his parents aging. Perhaps he fears that not only could people take his parents away, but the fear that death is closing in on them. This could also be manifesting itself in Preston’s fear and frustration. Treatment Plan Goals for Counseling The goal for psychoanalytic therapy is to get Preston in touch with his subconscious. This serves to identify the root causes of his present issues. Preston will need to identify specific defense mechanisms that he created in childhood. The material that has shifted from the subconscious to the conscious will need to be readily identified (Murdock, 2013, p. 37). Once these mechanisms and thoughts are out in the open, it will be easier to discuss them and change present behavior. Interventions The fundamental intervention to employ with Preston will be â€Å"free association†. According to Murdock (2013), free association encourages the client to reveal whatever he is thinking even if it seems irrelevant or offensive (p. 49). This will be particularly helpful for Preston, and can reveal what his thought process is when he has these aggressive bouts. It seems that Preston has not been totally honest with himself. Free association can help him to bring out deep-rooted ideas for analysis and discussion. This intervention can provide logic and reason to the seemingly illogical thoughts he is experiencing. Establishing the Relationship I realized that Preston had issues in dealing with other males. I asked him if he would feel more comfortable dealing with a female counselor. He indicated that he did not react the same way to me as with other males. He stated that he realized that my sole purpose was to help him with his issues, and this made him not feel anxious or aggressive. I relayed that I was glad this was the case, but that I needed to be immediately notified if these sentiments changed. Whenever I felt that Preston was actually getting anxious or aggressive, I made him aware. I explained to him that he was projecting these feelings onto me, and that it was harmful to the counselor/client relationship. He quickly calmed down, and apologized. He seemed to genuinely understand my concern for his well-being. Analysis of Transference The occasions that Preston did display anxiousness/aggressiveness, he did seem to understand that he was doing so after it was brought to his attention. He realized that I was not causing his issues, and I attempted to apply this to his other personal relationships. We would analyze why he was feeling this way, and how it related to his childhood and parents. He came to the conclusion that if he did not get these feelings under control in session, then he was never going to get them under control outside of it. Insight Preston came to realize that he had subconscious issues regarding his adoption as a child. He understood that he was so shocked by learning he was adopted that he was afraid it was going to happen again. He learned that he was very afraid of losing his parents. He acknowledged that his aggressive outbursts were not about the people he was dealing with, but about his fear that his parents would somehow like them better and abandon him. Preston identified that this is not considered normal behavior for someone his age. He picked up various calming techniques, and needed to constantly remind himself that the issue was him, not others. I was able to assist Preston in identifying the root causes of different scenarios and emotions that he discussed. His visible anxiety and aggression seemed to be kept to a minimum. With his understanding of why he was experiencing these emotions, Preston seemed to be doing better in his daily life. He reports being able to hold a discussion with other males without feeling the need to be dominant. He has also taken steps in explaining his fears and issues with his parents. Conclusions The next main milestone for Preston will be to find a home of his own. This will take time and adjustment, but will be a great leap forward. Also, he is noticing some of the same issues he is dealing with in his brother. Hopefully, Preston can persuade his brother to seek the same sort of help that he has received. This will have to be gradual so as to not induce any sort of separation anxiety. However, if Preston continues with treatment and making positive choices, then he will be continuing on the path to recovery.

Task Dependency – Critical Path

Dependencies and Network Diagram The network diagram is a schematic representation showing the sequence and relationship/ dependency of the tasks along with their duration. All the tasks, except the first and the last, are linked with at least one predecessor and successor to have a proper sequence of work. This logical dependency between the tasks will determine afterwards the duration of the project.There are four types of dependencies which define the relation between pair tasks Finish-to-start (FS- the second task ‘successor’ can’t begin until the first ’predecessor’ is completed), Finish-to-finish (FF- the completion of the successor depends on the completion of its predecessor), Start-to-start (SS- the start of the successor depends on the start of its predecessor), Start-to-finish (SF- the finish of the successor depends on the start of its predecessor). Critical PathHowever the duration of the project is meaningless without identifying what i s driving the project, why the project takes so long, what possible action is required to shorten the duration or what possible risk may extend the project†¦ Among the set of activities interconnected on the diagram; there is always one longest duration path from start to end of the project travelling through the network, Carmichael D. (2006, p. 51). This longest path is also known as a critical path driving the project duration and all tasks falling on this path are called critical activities.Any delay which occurs on these critical activities will delay the project completion time as well. The critical path analysis is carried out in three steps. The first step consists of forward pass which calculates the early schedule (earliest start time and earliest finish time of a task). If a schedule activity has two or more predecessors, its early start is governed by the early finish time of the preceding activities whichever is maximum. The second step is the backward pass which ca lculates the late schedule (latest start and latest finish time of a task).If a schedule activity has one or more successor, its late finish is governed by the late start time of the succeeding activities whichever is minimum. Finally the third step calculates the total float and free float. It is therefore crucial to have dependency between pair of tasks in order to analyze the duration, critical path and critical activities of the project. Critical path helps the project team to complete the project efficiently and on time. Nonetheless critical path is dynamic in nature and changes depending on the progress of work, Furniss B. nd Trauner J. (2010). Constraints Wysocki (2012, pp. 205-209) explains that there are four types of constraints which each one has appropriate area of application 1- Technical constraint This is a dependency in which the successor activity can start with some output of the predecessor activity. According to Wysocki there are four types of dependencies under this technical constraint †¢ Discretionary constraint This is a judgment which may be introduced by the project manager to change the dependency between tasks and avoid further risk.Discretionary dependency is often called soft logic, Kerzner H. and Saladis F. (2009, p. 167). †¢ Best-practice constraint This refers to previous experience of the project manager or others in executing similar task to the present. In some circumstance, dependencies which come from past experience are part of risk-aversion. The dependencies vary from industry to industry either to faster production (SS) or to avoid risk (FS- mostly building construction starts after the design is finished) †¢ Logical constraintIt is a result of the project manger’s way of thinking or common sense to follow logical sequence between pair tasks in such a way the logic is reasonable and justifiable. †¢ Unique constraint It occurs usually when a specific/critical resource is required for the execut ion of several tasks. 2- Management constraint This constraint is imposed by the management and dependencies of tasks can be reversed to a better one should the need arise. 3- Interproject constraint My current project is a construction of student accommodation and has a specific requirement for the toilet to be installed in the student rooms.This toilet is called prefabricated bathroom POD which should be manufactured as a complete standalone unit with floor and wall tiles, door, shower tray, water closet (WC), bidet, hand wash basin, mirror, hair drier†¦ off-site. The construction of the pods is a separate project. The pods are, then, transported to the site, lifted with crane and installed in the building. The installation of external masonry blockworks on the main project can only start after the delivery and installation of pod is finished (see attached picture). 4- Date constraintThis constraint preset a fixed start or finish date for deliverable to make it happen on a sp ecific date. There are three types of constraints. The first and the most annoying constraint which I exercised on my current project is the ‘on this date’. In order to energize all the utility services and proceed with all subsequent testing and commissioning activities, we (the contractor) needed to know when the power supply will be provided/completed by the client. The client ordered the contractor to submitted programme of work applying a constraint â€Å"on this date† for power-on connection task.We prepared the programme accordingly and highlighted the client that the project will be completed on X date from the day we receive the power-on. Unfortunately the power-on could not happen on the specified date and ALL of our subsequent activities were affected. The sequence of work was totally distorted with difficulties to construe the schedule resulting negative float. ‘No later than’ is the second constraint you can impose on a task to limit the latest finish time it can be finished. This constraint can, as well result negative float.The third constraint is the ‘No earlier than’ which specifies the earliest date a task can be finished but cannot result negative float by itself. Conclusion In general the combination of different dependencies and constraints build the project schedule and form the network diagram which is a tool to understand the sequence of work and critical activities in the project. Carmichel D. (2006) Project Planning and Control London: Taylor & Francis Furniss, Brian J. and Trauner, Theodore J. (2010) ‘The Critical Path: Definition vs.Understanding’, Construct, 19(1), [Online]. Available at: http://ehis. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. liv. ac. uk/eds/detail? sid=89b2f511-7e34-41db-8676-5d3f40f45afe%40sessionmgr10&vid=1&hid=3&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=52161761 (Accessed: 05 October 2012) Wysocki, R. K. (2012) Effective Project Management: traditional, a gile, extreme. 6th edn. Indianapolis: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Kerzner, H. and Saladis F. (2009) Project Management Workbook. 10th edn. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Individual report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Individual report - Essay Example any chooses to pursue one of the two types of the competitive advantage that is either via lower cost than its competitors then it can command greater section of the market and customers. The generic strategy gives a reflection of the choices that can be made by the company regarding the type of the competitive advantage and the scope of the market There are mainly three levels of international strategies that the Xiao mi Company uses namely corporate strategy, functional strategies and even business strategies. All these strategies focus on the international markets where they use cost leadership as the effective market strategies that they can use to explore and acquire greater market niche for their smart phones. The international strategies of the Xiao mi in the essence tries to define the business domain in which the firm can operate through recruiting foreign people, improving the R&D division and even through analysis of the factors that influence strong operation systems (Bruce, 2008). To meet the international standards, it is very important for the Xiao mi Company to answer quite different the many questions that form the major components of the business domain. These divergent answers should reflect the different corporate strengths and weaknesses and even different way that Xiao mi can use to assess different oppor tunities and threats that may be produced by the global economics and even the political environment. This theory tries to explain how Xiao mi can intensify their business activities in the foreign markets. In this set of model Xiao mi first gained a lot of experience from the domestic markets before they decide to move to the international markets to do international businesses of selling the smart phones making a gross sale of about 5 billion. Xiao Mi Company started their foreign operation by forming the agreement with the foreign intermediate or agents who are geographically in close countries to make people be aware of their products

White collar and corporate crimes Research Paper

White collar and corporate crimes - Research Paper Example According to Edwin Sutherland, a researcher who studied the particular subject for many years, the term corporate crime is used for reflecting the ‘criminal activity of persons high social status and in the context of their profession’ (Sutherland 1939, cited in Simpson, 2002, p.6). From another point of view, white-collar crime has been related strictly to business, being considered as the violation of rules that regulate business activities, and not of rules related to other sectors (Geis, 2006, p.176). The specific issue has been considered as of critical importance due to the following fact: the recent financial crisis, of 2008, has severely affected economic activities worldwide. The crisis has been caused mostly because of the lack of effective control on the corporate governance practices of firms in the financial services sector. However, it has been made clear that many firms that controlled a major part of the global market were unable to monitor the activities of their CEO’s. In other words, white collar and corporate crimes had a key role in the crisis of 2008. ... The findings of the empirical research developed in regard to this subject verify the critical role of white collar and corporate crimes in social and economic life. According to Allen (2010) the increase of corruption, as related to the recent recession, has led to the radical increase of fraud, with a particular emphasis on collar crime (Allen, 2010). In 2009 about ‘160 cases of serious fraud were reported’ (Allen, 2010). These cases reveal the relationship between fraud and business activity. However, it seems that corruption can be also related to geography, as revealed in a report of Corporate Crime Reporter (2007) where reference is made to Louisiana, as the region with the highest level of corruption in USA. At this point, reference should be made to the following problem: there is no mechanism monitoring and managing the collection of data related to white collar and corporate crime. As a result, the exact level of damages caused because of white collar and corpo rate crime cannot be estimated (Center for Corporate Policy 2004). The above problem is highlighted in a report of the USA Department of Justice, involving in the years 2001-2006 (Center for Corporate Policy 2004). It is clear that corporate and white-collar crime is a complex phenomenon; its review would help to identify all its aspects and retrieve the measures that would help towards its limitation. References Allen, K. (2009, December 31). Recession pushes white-collar crime to new highs. The Guardian. Retrieved 2012, March 10 from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2009/dec/31/fraud-recession-kpmg-report Benson, M. & Simpson, S. (2009). White-collar crime:

Configuring Files, NTFS, and Backups Assignment

Configuring Files, NTFS, and Backups - Assignment Example Security breaches possibly caused by human actions, which could be malicious, accidental, or through improper installation, operation or configuration. This paper presents guidelines that should be adopted to ensure efficient management and security of any information and communication technology network. These guidelines are written with keeping in mind of a less experienced IT network managers, to assist them in understanding and dealing with the risks they face. Upon implementation, these guidelines will go a long way in easing with problems of network insecurity. Network security policy guidelines are the practices and rules followed by an institution to protect its information resources. These polices must be documented, developed, reviewed, implemented and evaluated to ensure the integrity of the network. Hence, the need for these policies by an institution is never overemphasized (Avolio & Fallin, 2007). Program policies. It tackles overall Network security goals and it should be applied to all IT resources inside an institution. The institution’s management must instruct policy development to guarantee that the policies address the Network security requirements of all systems operating within the institution. System-specific policies. It addresses the Network security matters and requirements of a particular system. Corporate facilities may have several sets of system-specific policies that address security from the very common (access control) to the particular (system authorizations that reflect the isolation of duties among a team of employees). Create an approval procedure to include legal and human resources specialists, regulatory specialists and procedure and policy experts. Allow maximum time for the review and respond to every comment whether you accept it or not. Institution once developed its network security policy; next step is to document these policies. Each department is responsible to protect its networks,

Financial statements for Blacksea plc for the years ended 30 June 2009 Assignment

Financial statements for Blacksea plc for the years ended 30 June 2009 and 2010 - Assignment Example The assets can be bifurcated to have current and fixed assets. Current assets can be quickly converted into the cash within a few months time in the normal course of operations. Fixed assets, also called long term investments of the company in land, plant, building, equipment, fixtures, furniture etc. have longer life period and they last for several years or decades over its useful life. It is nature of the business that decides whether the company will have more capital employed in the current assets or in the fixed assets. There is nothing good or bad per se where assets are deployed; however, when it is compared with the other companies in the same industry group, it can provide an idea whether assets are deployed efficiently or not. So goes with liabilities of the company. They can be bifurcated in the current and long-term liabilities. Current liabilities constitute those payments which are to be paid within a few months. Long-term liabilities mean long-term loans, mortgage payments and other liabilities of similar nature that are to be paid in several years. The financial analysis based on these factors will tell us about the liquidity of the company. This will also tell us about the risk that investors carry by investing in the company. It is important to know whether company’s current assets are sufficient enough to pay for the current liabilities. (Atrill & Mclaney1997) Current ratio of the company in the year ended June 2009 was noticed at 1.46:1, which further improved to 2.73:1 during the year ended June 2010. This is quite safe for the company. The current ratio for the same industry group is noticed at 2.5:1 so it can be said that Blacksea enjoys somewhat superior current ratio as per the year 2010. Creditors should have no problem in lending to the company based on the existing current ratio. Similarly, gearing ratio (debt/equity) in the year 2009 was pretty

Intertextuality and Interpretation of Meaning Essay

Intertextuality and Interpretation of Meaning - Essay Example Linguistic and Literary Issue 2: Cultural intertextuality specifies that "a literary discourse is only approachable as a segment or concatenation of discursive segments within a network of inter-articulated discourses, and one finds Anthony's "They better don't stop the Carnival" as an apparent illustration of cultural intertextuality in literary discourse. (Lucy and Niall, 337) Linguistic and Literary Issue 3: Literary intertextuality, which is analysable within cultural intertextuality, stipulates that "a literary discourse establishes horizontal (syntagmatic) relationships with the global discourse of literature in its own language and with literary discourse in other languages; and vertical (paradigmatic) relationships with the ensemble of discoursecomposing a culture spatially and temporally determined." (Lucy and Niall, 337) Linguistic and Literary Issue 4: Michael Anthony's "They better don't stop the Carnival," one of the best Caribbean and post-colonial short stories, illustrates the link between intertextuality - both cultural and literary - and literary discourse, and an intertextual reading of the story offers the most essential meaning of the literary text. From a semio

Risk management of petrochemical industry in Saudi Arabia Essay

Risk management of petrochemical industry in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example The top most leading players in this industry are the state owned company Saudi Aramco and the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), their rankings are also at the global level are being one of the largest producers of petrochemical products (Cordesman and Obaid, 2004). The raw materials for producing these products had been available in abundance but now it is being observed that there is shortage being observed in the raw materials and therefore the Saudi petrochemical industry need to work upon their risk management aspects of this industry. Shortages of raw materials from which the products are being produced tend to give rise to high risks in the future therefore it is important to start managing the risk factors beforehand. Risk Management Risk management is usually defined as the elements that cause risk to the organization and accordingly assessments and prioritization of risks are conducted for the purpose of risk management. Risk management plans are made to reduce, m inimize, monitor, and evaluate the risks so that opportunities can be maximized. Risks can be faced from the financial markets uncertainty, from the failures of projects, from legal liabilities, from the factors of credit risk, and other such factors (British Standards Institute, 20). Risk Options There are many types of risk options that can be used for the purpose of managing risk in the organizations. They are as follows (British Standards Institute, 73): Developing new processes of business so that the level of risk can be controlled Risks should be reassessed on a periodic basis Transferring of risks to external organizations such as insurance companies The avoidance of risks by closing down the business units that cause risk Many of the other petrochemical industries operating in Saudi Arabia are planning on with the establishment of acrylic acid complex plants so that any type of downturn in the industry can be overcome in the future. This is due to the changes in the success level trends observed in the country that new business units need to be developed so that the future challenges that are present in the industry forecast can be overcome by the industry. Risk minimization in petrochemical industry of Saudi Arabia The main aspects that should be carefully reviewed towards minimizing risk in the petrochemical industries of Saudi Arabia are (Athearn, Schmit, and Doerpringhaus, 80): 1. Management: All operations should be reviewed, maintenance and engineering operations should take place accordingly, check and control should be maintained for the fire safety and security features of the organization. 2. Procedures: all work operation operations should be carried out under the approved engineering standards so that while insurance premiums are opted for, no loopholes remain for them to gain benefits in times of risk. 3. Plants: the plant design should be according to standards as well, as well as the process controls in the plants and their housekeeping . 4. Protection Hardware: all hardware equipment being used in the plants of petrochemical organizations should be of proper quality. The higher amount of risk may be observed from the

Weeks 6 to 10 journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Weeks 6 to 10 journal - Essay Example From the appraisals, I learnt that, I was amongst the most efficient members of the organization. I managed to acquire a high percentage of scores. The management was confident of my skills and abilities, while the customers that we serve were impressed by my courtesy and zeal to serve their interests. I managed to learn that I am an efficient communicator, with the ability to solve problems in the most efficient manner. This was a boost to my morale, and the managers of the organization encouraged me to work hard, and improve further on my capabilities and skills. It is during this week that the management offered to train me on technological aspects of managing a court house, and the importance of innovation in the work place. This was an opportunity to advance my skills, and could earn me a promotion at the court house, despite being an intern. During this week, the lesson learnt is that working hard in our duties, would result to better performance. This in turn earns the respect of the management to an employee. During the seventh week of my internship, I was amongst the employees selected for training on information technology, and the importance of innovation in an organization. This selection was on merit, and it is because of the better results concerning my work during the appraisals. The trainings gave me an opportunity to learn new aspects of information technology and their importance in the administration of justice. For instance, I managed to learn that power point presentations in a court room help in explaining a point to the jury and the trial judge in a more effective way, than the use of oral presentation. Legal battles are always won on the manner in which an attorney presents the fact of the case in question. I also leant on the negative impacts of information technology in the administration of justice, and key amongst the impacts is the

The Chosen One Essay Example for Free

The Chosen One Essay Choosing the right university is one of the most important aspects that an incoming college student should consider besides the choice of course to pursue. Many institutions emerged in Cavite because it is one of the most industrialized provinces in the country. Some of well-known universities established here are: De La Salle University in Dasmarià ±as, Cavite State University Main-Campus in Indang (other campuses are located around the whole province), Polytechnic University of the Philippines in Maragondon, Far Eastern University in Silang, Lyceum of the Philippines University in General Trias, and many more. There are lots of eligible institutions to choose from but why did we choose Lyceum of the Philippines University? One of the reasons why we choose LPU is because of its good reputation earned through the years. An institution without good management will never make its way in this industry nor will it survive. The Lyceum of the Philippines University system has five affiliate campuses located at Intramuros, Manila; Batangas City, Batangas; Calamba City, Laguna; City of Makati and General Trias, Cavite. Even though Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite-Campus just opened its doors to the public at year 2008, the numbers of enrollees boost because of its accessibility for us Caviteà ±os. The institution is located at the center of Cavite, targeting students from different parts of the province from Bacoor to Tagaytay. Lyceum of the Philippines University offers undergraduate and graduate programs in various fields of study, including law, liberal arts, diplomacy, international trade and journalism, as well as engineering, business and accountancy, mass communication, tourism and hotel and restaurant management. Another reason why we chose LPU is because it offers in demand courses that produce competent professionals globally. The university was called as The First and Only Resort Campus in the Philippines due to its modern and elegant design. Aside from its unique structure, it also has complete facilities that would be really helpful for students practical learning. All rooms are air conditioned and its sizes are just enough to accommodate an average number of students. The university has different laboratories for outside class discussions such as Computer Laboratory, Mac Laboratory, Bayleaf Mini Hotel, Moot Court, Drawing Room, Dance Studios, Gymnasium and that which enhance students talents and abilities. The university has two buildings named after Sotero H. Laurel and Jose P. Laurel that was connected by a new building forming the laurel leaf structure, earlier this year. The Academic Resource Center or the University Library was relocated and just opened its doors to students last summer of this semester. The employees in this institution are really approachable and friendly. The security and maintenance personnel are always around the vicinity and it really shows that they are really dedicated to their work. The professors are professionals in their chosen field. They are highly competent to produce another generation of professionals from this university. To sum up this, there are lots of aspects to take in to consideration in choosing the right educational institution. The university that you will choose will be a great influence in enhancing your knowledge and abilities but most importantly, your character the moment you enter college until you face the real world. We chose Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite Campus as our alma mater because we believe that this educational institution will mold us into what we want to be. Viva Larga Pirata!

Gloria Steinem Essay Example for Free

Gloria Steinem Essay Gloria Steinem views America as a largely male-dominant culture. In her efforts to speak out and fight against this unbalanced form of society she strongly enforces her views of female anti-submissiveness. Because of the seemingly unfair amount of rights men have deprived American women of, Steinem calls for drastic changes in the way women view themselves and are viewed both in the society and within the home. Steinems biggest problem with our society is the harsh stereotypical views that are laced all throughout the culture. Children are raised with the ideas that men dominate certain areas of life, and women others, and crossing these dividing lines into areas reserved for the other gender is an act seen as both unnatural and taboo. In her essay Life Between the Lines Steinem touches upon the common marital problem of housework. (Steinem, 8) Because of the deeply rooted tradition of females and housework, many women struggle with feelings of helplessness and even embarrassment when trying to get their husbands to help out around the home. In Huston and History, Steinem writes that because of the secondary status women are traditionally seen as having, they are more likely to relate to minorities and those seen as less fortunate. Frederick Douglass recognized this when he stated that the cause of the slave has been peculiarly womens cause. Relating back to the fight to end slavery, which was most enthusiastically fought by the women. The essay Sisterhood presses on this topic as well when it declares that the deep and personal connections among women living under patriarchy often causes them to leap barriers of age, economics, worldly experience, race, [and] culture. (123) Even though society builds many walls between different people, the common goal of subordination remains a very strong uniting factor. Male and female roles in society have always been seen as vastly different. The common childrens poem: What are little girls made of? Sugar and spice, And everything nice, Thats what little girls are made of. What are little boys made of? Snips and snails, And puppy dog tails, Thats  what little boys are made of. (internet: http://showcase.netins.net/web/marys/LittleBoys.htm) is a perfect illustration of the generalizations our country has towards the two genders. Steinem suggests in her essay College Reunion that, through education, the boundaries between the two sexes might start to dissolve. Steinem states that Womens colleges have rarely taught us to fight for ourselves, or for other women. (137) Only in teaching women the skills necessary to break down the walls that tradition has built up, and equality and full humanity of women and men is achieved, can true feminism be accomplished. (5) Another major topic illustrated in this book is the authors concern about the sexual relationships between male and female. According the Steinem, our cultures stereotypical views of the sexes often envelopes all aspects of life, bringing male-dominance even into the bedroom. Three essays focusing primarily upon the sexual dominance of men are Erotica vs. Pornography, I was a Playboy Bunny , and If Men Could Menstruate. Erotica vs. Pornography centers on way the American society frequently sees sex. In America, children are raised with images of female sex symbols strewn all across the media which make women vulnerable for the pleasure of men. Steinem attributes the sexual male-supremacy to this trendy media tool. A common quote illustrating this point is sex will sale anything. Because of the steady moral decline in society, sex is also confused with violence and aggression in all forms of popular culture. (239) Pictures of females are seen in every form of media, from the television to the internet to the paper. This imagery drastically influences the way females think of themselves, and are viewed by others. I was a Playboy Bunny speaks of the time in which the author went undercover to become one of the famed Playboy Bunnies. Once within the Playboy realm the glamour and intrigue quickly started to fade. Steinem saw that the bunnies were used in affect as cheap labor to feed the vastly popular Playboy clubs. Working long hours with no or little pay (54), outrageous regulations on hair, heels, clothing, and even the bunny demeanor all added to the unspectacular life of a Bunny. If Men Could Menstruate is a comical look at how the world would be different if it was in fact the male sex who was on a periodic menstrual cycle. Clearly, menstruation would become an enviable, boast-worthy masculine event: Men would brag about how long and how much, and Sanitary supplies would be federally funded and free. (367) Although the essay is an interesting satire on what could be, no real arguments are held or reinforced. It is in affect an amusing look at how the culture might react if men were given the attributes of the weaker sex. Although many of Steinems arguments are well supported and easily seen as valid, they frequently focus on either to broad, or to narrow a topic. Essays like Men and Women Talking express the communication habits between males and females all over the world, from Europe (193), Australia (194), Japan (203), and the U.S. a very large base from which drawing any solid conclusions becomes drastically more difficult. The other extreme argumental stance occurs in being to narrow. Essays like Ruths Song concentrate on a single instance and circumstance. Because of the narrow focal point it is hard to relate a specific example to a larger, more common instance. In Ruths Song Steinem says that the biggest reason that my mother was cared for but not helped for twenty years was the simplest her functioning was not that necessary to the world. (143) Inferring that because her mother was a female, Steinem suggests that her only role in the economy was to produce and care for her offspring, and that because she no longer could do either one, she was not an important member in society. Although her point may be well made, it relates directly to only those females who have, or are directly effected by a mental breakdown. Because of the illness of one woman, it is hard to conclude that the fate of a single person would be the same for everyone else having a similar fortune. Steinems arguments all have the underlying theme of female limitation in a male-dominant society. To combat this she proposes that women learn to stand up for themselves and take action. Only through active change in every individual, can full and complete equilibrium among the sexes take place.

Technology: Killing Our Ability Of Writing

Technology: Killing Our Ability Of Writing As the technology advanced, people have changed the way of how they write. Haimran Julka, an article writer of The Economic Times mentions that there are about 245 million of Internet users in US. The number of Internet users is growing at an extraordinary pace. It can somewhat show how much the people like to write on the social media. The new generation is given much more opportunities than the old generation to write by social media. The social media provides an open platform to all people. We can broadcast our views to the world, potentially reaching millions of readers. As long as we are able to connect to the Internet, we are able to write on the social media at anytime and anywhere. Although the social media benefits us in some ways, we should concern to how the social media harms our ability on writing. Because of the everyday usage of social media, the social media has changed our writing style unknowingly. People start to adapt to the short writing style which is created by the social media and the new generation is writing much more words than the old generation. Since we are used to write short sentences on the social media, we change the way of formulate or express our thoughts. We have started to ignore what the basic requirements of writing a formal essay is. As time goes by, our ability of writing long and organized essays has been weakened. The first reminder is what the basic requirements of writing a formal essay are. Complete sentences, correct spelling, well organized and proper grammar should be the necessities. However, none of the above we can learn from writing on the social media. It is common that people would never write complex sentences on social media such as on Facebook status and on article comment. We never try to write a hundred words sharing on our opinions and feelings because no one is going to read that. Everyone prefers looking something short and easy to understand on the screen of technology; no one is going to concern about the spelling or grammar. If I feel sad today, probably I am going to write Bad Day or just put a crying face on my Facebook status. After few minutes, my friends will start to like my status. So, I never need to write a well-organized paragraph to explain what has happened, which makes me sad because no one actually cares. It is not surprising that the short writing style which is created by the social media can be discovered in many other places. When we are reading news on The Wall Street Journal, there are many different short issue summaries and articles for us to read. Once we finish reading an article, we can click the comments button to view the other readers comments and know how they think about the issue. The comments are usually short and not in complete sentences or sometimes even in point form. It cannot be denied that the short articles and comments can reduce our reading time and we can obtain the largest amount of information we need in the shortest time. However, we may feel difficult to elaborate our points or thoughts and write long essays since we are used to this kind of short writing style. Here is another example of short writing style on the social media. According to the New Media Writing, it says college students are fairly accustomed to the course blog, where they are expecte d to summarize responses to require readings, link to related articles, and comment on other students course blogs. It shows that we like to read and write summaries on the social media. Our time can greatly be saved because of the short writing style. On the other hand, our sense of writing long and organized essays is weakened unknowingly. Besides on website article, we also can find another good example of short writing style on the social media. Text messages often have limitation on the number of characters, so shortcuts are commonly used. Some educators think that the shortcuts damage the students ability of writing English. Jacquie Ream writes this on his book to support the educators: The kids arent learning to spell. Theyre learning acronyms and shorthand. Text messaging is destroying the written word. Students arent writing letters; theyre typing into their cell phones one line at a time. Feelings arent communicated with words when youre texting; emotions are sideways smiley faces. Kids are typing shorthand jargon that isnt even a complete thought (8). Everything we use on the social media is short: short forms, short summaries, short sentences and short opinions. We have greatly advanced in the technology of the internet and the technology helps us to save our time. Most of the information appears on the social media is short and it helps us to achieve the goal of time saving. The short writings on the social media help us to share information in a faster way. However, there is always give and take: we are now able to obtain faster communication and the information we want from the social media as soon as possible, on the other hand we are giving up our ability of writing long essays. Besides the short writing style, the massive amount of words which we have written on the social media also harms our writing skill. I find a saying which is mentioned in the Studies Explore Whether the Internet Makes Students Better Writers very impressive to me, why is it that with young people reading and writing more words than ever before in human history, we find no gains in reading and writing scores? (Keller). Here comes a question: we are writing far more words than the old generation, however, is our writing improving at the same time? Why do people write so much on the social media? Josh Keller has suggested a reason for that, since we have to communicate with others on the social media, it forces us to write more and more on the social media. Since the explosion of social networking service, our daily life has been connected to the Facebook, Twitter, Blogs, and the other social media. On condition that there is accessible Wi-Fi, we can write every minute and every moment. There is free Wi-Fi everywhere now. No matter we are having our lunch at McDonald or we are doing window shopping in a mall, we can write on the social media with our smart phones. Besides the easy connection to the Internet, we like to write on the social media because there are no restrictions like sentence structure, spelling and grammar on the social media. In the past, once the people had graduated, they would not like to write unless their jobs demanded them to write (Thompson). We can discover an obvious change on our writing attitude. We are writing a lot of things on the social media but none of them is formal writing. Keep writing informal writings all the time cannot help us to produce a better official writing. The sharing we post on our Facebook or Blogs may look fine in our peers eyes but our professor may have no idea what we are talking about. The technology does a great effort on making writing easier by providing software to detect spelling and grammatical error. The technology brings us many conveniences but it also distracts our attention on the usage of words. We do not have to worry about the spelling because of the great invention of the spelling checker. The spelling checker helps us to correct our spelling by providing us similar vocabularies. We may find out that spelling has become a piece of cake. However, have you ever chosen the wrong word for your essay? Here is an example from Does Digital Media Makes Us Bad Writers?, I feel so necrotic, writes a college student. Well maybe he does have a bad case of dead tissue. Whats more likely is that he means neurotic, but his spelling checker insists on necrotic, so whats a student to do? (Karp). Suppose you are now in a similar situation, are you going to trust your spelling checker or are you going to believe in yourself? Choosing the wrong words has become a common writing mistake nowadays. A grammar checker functions in a similar manner. We are depending on too much on the technology and it weakens our awareness of word usage. From my point of view, this is why we are writing massive amount of words on the social media but our writing is not improving at the same time. Our writing quality cannot be improved by writing more words on the social media. Josh Keller mentions the condition when we are writing to our friends on the social media in his article, youre writing to other 17-year-old, so your vocabulary is going to be the conventional vocabulary of the 17-year-old idiom. We are using the same vocabulary to communicate with our friends on the social media every day, how can we practice our writing if we write just for fun but not for learning new items? Sometimes we may make mistake on our sentence structure, spelling or grammar when we are writing to our friends on the social media. However, our friends are not going to correct us. We will keep making the mistakes and it does not help us to improve our writing skill. According to Bad Student Writing? Not so Fast!, some people may argue that the new generation has developed a new style to share their feelings clearly on the social media while the old generation is still worrying the quality of the new generation (Fendrich). From my point of view, our writing quality has become worse because we are using the short writing style and writing too much on the social media. Its true that the social media provides us a greater opportunity to write: Facebook, simply blogging or e-mail. Also the technology makes the writing process much easier. We can now ignore the spelling and the usage of grammar with the help of the spelling checker and the grammar checker. However, the social media contributes no benefits on our writing skill but weakens our ability of writing long formal writings and word usage. We may think that it doesnt matter to have bad writing skill. As long as we are not going to become a writer, everything will be good. The fact is that bad writing skill can affect our job opportunity and job performance. It is because good writing skill can build up a good first impression to the hiring managers, show our communication skill and enhance our credibility. How do the hiring managers give the first impressions to the job seekers? The managers obtain the first impressions by reading the job seekers application letters. Our ability to write complete sentences, spell correct words, and use the proper grammar plays an important role in building our personal brand. We can build up a good image to our potential employers if we have strong writing skill. Imagine you are now a job seeker. If you receive an e-mail which asks you to attend a job interview, are you going to answer the e-mail in this way #1: Dear Ms. Simko: Thank you for contacting me. Friday at 2:30 P.M. will work well for me. I appreciate your interest in me as a candidate and I look forward to meeting you on Friday! Best Regards, Bob or in this way #2: Sounds great! See you then (Simko). The short writing style #2 is always not suitable for communicating with someone professionally. Besides affecting our image, our writing skill can also reflect our communication skill. In Why Writing Matters, it shows the relationship between our writing skill and communication skill: Good students must be able to understand and then synthesize the information from a variety of sources, both primary and secondary. Once they synthesize information, they must spread it to others effectively. With new forms of communication in our changing society, we must adapt. Web pages, e-mail and text messaging now exist alongside traditional forms of communication such as print journalism and books. It becomes more important to learn good writing skills in order to compose effective web pages, cover letters and even e-mails. These new forms of communication require foundational skills in writing (Thomas). Writing is one of the main ways we communicate with each other at work. Businesses produce many documents: contracts, proposals, and employee handbooks. We have to make sure every party understands the same thing. The construction of the sentences, the choice of the vocabulary, and the usage of grammar that we made help us to clarify the documents. If our documents are well written, we can prevent misunderstanding among different parties and our working performance can be improved. Good writing skill can enhance our credibility. Customer confidence is a key factor of getting success. We all want our customers to think that we are credible. In order to gain our customers trust, we have to show that we are willing to communicate with them with good writing quality. Although good writing doesnt increase the reliability of our products or services, it shows that we are making efforts to communicate with our customers (Rose). Judy Rose, in her article, says, when letters and documents are thoughtfully written and well executed, they say several things about your company: (1) we strive toward excellence in all things; (2) we know what were talking about; (3) you can be confident in our abilities. If you can make that kind of an impression on the people you do business with, youve done your company a valuable service. It shows clearly how good writing skill works on businesses. Bad writing skill does not only damage our academic score but also damage our future job opportunity and performance. People always think of the positive side of the social media. As what I have mentioned in this paper, it is no doubt that the social media benefits us in some ways. The social media provides an open platform to everyone, people can write as much as they want at anytime and anywhere. However we should pay really close attention to how the new media harms our ability on writing. As a business student, I really care about how my writing skill may affect my future career. I thought bad writing skill might only harm my academic score. I was totally wrong. While I was doing my researches, I realized how important the writing skill was. My writing skill doesnt only affect the score of my English classes. It also reflects my image, communication skill and credibility and it can make negative impacts on my future career. I dont mean that we shouldnt write on the social media anymore. While we are writing on the social media, we should also keep an eye on how the social media affects our writi ng skill. We should not allow the social media makes us become unskilled writers and harms our future life.

herbert hoover and his role in the great depression Essay -- essays re

Herbert Hoover and His Role in The Great Depression   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the continually worsening conditions, and the stock market crash on Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, the United States was thrown into the biggest economical disaster of our history. Everyone, excluding the rich upper class, became poor and most unemployed. The majority of the American populace found themselves living in ‘shantytowns’ or ‘Hoovervilles’ as they later became to be known, which consisted of many cramped shacks constructed from whatever was available. This meant old burnt-out cars, cardboard boxes, random pieces of lumber, and anything else that people could find. Times truly were tough. It was a daily struggle for people to support their own lives, let alone those of their family on the meager amount of money they had. The lucky man in charge of bringing us out from the depths of this very great of depressions was none other than the thirty-first president of these United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Herbert Clark Hoover was born in an Iowa village in 1874 to a Quaker blacksmith. He grew up in Oregon and eventually graduated from Stanford University as a mining engineer. After marrying Lou Henry, his girlfriend from Stanford, they went to China where he worked as the leading engineer for the country. Upon entering World War I, President Wilson placed Hoover at the head of the Food Administration where he successfully kept the Allies well fed. Following the war, Hoover organized food shipments for millions of starving people in Europe and Soviet Russia as a member of the Supreme Economic Council and head of the American Relief Administration. Finally, in 1928 Hoover became the Republican Presidential nominee, and later the President of the United States of America. A year later, those United States sank into deep depression.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Following the crash of the stock market in 1929, Americans looked to their federal government for help through these hard times. The public required Direct Relief, or cash payments or food provided for the poor by the government. Hoover and his rugged individualist mentality, however, believed that the government should not interfere with the economic happenings of its citizens. He said that aid to the hungry and the deserving unemployed should come from local govern... ...nto the shoulders of Hoover, between 10 and 20 thousand World War I veterans marched to Washington D.C. in the spring of 1932. This Bonus Army, as it was to be called, made the trip under Walter Waters to support a bill under debate that might grant them a cash bonus. The original bonus, previously passed in 1924, was supposed to give them life insurance in 1945. This new bill in Congress was to give each soldier $500 immediately. Surprisingly, Hoover wasn’t upset with the Bonus Army’s gathering, and even encouraged them by providing food and supplies. On June 17, 1932, the Patman Bill was put down and Hoover ordered the Bonus Army to depart. When 2,000 of the men refused to move, the president sent 1,000 soldiers to send them home. With tear gas and bayonets, their task was accomplished. A few men were killed in this ordeal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Herbert Hoover was the boy from Iowa fated to lead this nation through one of its greatest disasters. Unfortunately, he receives much undeserved blame for the crash of the stock market and subsequent depression the U.S. faced. Considering the circumstances, Hoover did a commendable job pulling us through this very hard of times.

Clara Barton :: essays research papers

Clara Barton was born on Christmas day, 1821 in Oxford Massachusetts. She was the youngest of her 4 siblings by at the least 10 years of age. Growing up in a middle class family, Clara was home schooled until the age of 15, then she became the teacher. As a child, in her spare time Clara enjoyed treating sick and injured pets and neighborhood animals. When she was 11 her brother David got really sick. So then she stood aside her brother for two years. She started to learn about medicine that way. She opened a free school in New Jersey for kids who have health problems. But because she wasn?t a man she couldn?t be head of the school. Clara was so unhappy that she quit teaching. Later she got a job as a clerk in the U.S. Patent Office. Then she quit her job as a clerk and became a volunteer for the soldiers in the Civil War. First Clara accomplished the task of starting a relief program for the injured soldiers. Next Clara was brought to attention of a medical supply shortage, and quickly organized a donation. As she arrived at the ?Cornfield? she wasted no time before acting as medical staff and distributing her supplies to surgeons. After the battle at Cedar Mountain, she appeared at a field hospital at night with a four-mule-team load of supplies. She saved hundreds of soldiers in the battlefield that day. That?s why she was known as "the Angel of the Battlefield.?In 1864 Clara was granted the position as superintendent of the Union Nurse. She had some medical problems though. Her problem was that she was suffering from greatly tireless work. She suffered because she had done to many things that tired her out. So her physician sent her on a vacation. While she was there she read a very famous book called ?A Memory of Solferino? by Henry Dunant, the founder of the Red Cross Movement. The Movement agreed for protection of the sick and wounded during the war.

Alcestis Essay -- essays research papers

Alcestis is a myth that is "the most touching of all the Greek dramas to a modern audience" (Lind 213). It is a tragicomedy by the playwright Euripides and it centers on the king and queen of Thessalia. Admetus, the king, has been fated to die yet, due to his alliance with Apollo, is given the chance to find a replacement. His wife, Alcestis, volunteers for the position claiming that she cannot imagine life without her husband. After Alcestis submits her life, Admetus discovers the pain of loss and even determines that Alcestis is the lucky one in dying. In a surprising turn of events, a friend of Admetus, Heracles, goes down into the underworld, wrestles Death, and wins Admetus back his bride.1 This tale, as mentioned above, tugs at a reader’s heartstrings. We, as an audience, want to believe that Alcestis is brought to life at the termination of this drama, yet there are those interpreters who believe otherwise. A specific example of this type of person is D.L. Drew, who proposes that the woman given to Admetus is the corpse of his wife rather than the resurrected Alcestis. Drew goes further to comment that this is Heracles’s revenge against Admetus for tricking him into believing that she who died is a stranger and not Alcestis.1 This is a terrible proposition that tends to disturb a reader and, through the examination of the text, seems to be rather incorrect. The concept that Alcestis has been resurrected can be supported, in fact, by several elements. Through the influence of the god Apollo in the drama’s entirety, through the temperament and motivations of Heracles, and through the presence of many comic elements in correlation with the definition of comedy, one can truly believe that Alcestis is brought back to life. In the onset of Alcestis, the god Apollo utters to Death an oracle. "For a man comes to the dwelling of Pheres†¦and he shall be a guest in the house of Admetus, and by force shall he tear this woman [Alcestis] from you" (Euripides 66-69). These are the last words of Apollo in this text, yet he does not completely disappear from the drama. He seems to show his covert influence through the use of light and sound.One may first examine the use of light in this drama. The characters use the concept of the sun many times throughout their dialogue. "Sun, and you, light of day†¦" (Euripides 244). A similar line... ... the above elements and then also by a rise of the protagonist in the drama’s termination. It thus follows that if Alcestis has the elements of comedy, then there must also be some sort of comic rise! There seems to be two comic rises. First, Admetus understands the true sacrifice that Alcestis has made. "No pain ever shall touch her again; she has reached the noble end of all her sufferings. But I, I who should have died, I have escaped my fate, only to drag out a wretched life. Only now do I perceive it" (Euripides 938-941). Although this does not seem to be a comic rise for Admetus, it is an enlightenment of sorts. Admetus has seen that he has been selfish and is shamed by it. The final comic rise is the resurrection of Alcestis, which seems to be an almost reward for Admetus’s enlightenment. This resurrection of Alcestis is necessary in order to fulfill the definition of comedy and is thus proven through it, through the actions of Apollo, and through the motivations of Heracles.Footnotes1. L. R. Lind (1957), Ten Greek Plays in Contemporary Translations Houghton Mifflin Company; Boston, Mass.2. Thomas Bulfinch (1855) The Age and Fable or Stories of Gods and Heroes

Case: Birch Paper Company Essay

As shown in the calculations above, Northern should accept the bid from Thompson division as it has the lowest cost if all transfer prices within the company were calculated at costs. Incurring the lowest costs would also enable Birch Paper Company to earn the highest profits possible. 2. As alternatives for sourcing exists, Mr. Kenton should be permitted to choose the alternative that is in Northern division’s own interests. The  transfer price policy gives him the right to deal with either insiders or outsiders at his discretion. If he is unable to get a satisfactory price from the inside source which is Thompson division, he is free to buy from outside. Mr. Kenton, manager of the Northern division should not accept the bid from Thompson division. The three bids from Thompson division, West Paper Company and Eire Paper Company are $480, $430 and $432 respectively. Accepting the bid from Thompson division would be accepting the highest bid amongst all three offers (highest costs). This would result in the lowest profits. As the Northern division is evaluated as an investment center, it is judged independently on the basis of its profit and return on investment. Mr. Kenton should not accept the bid from Thompson division. 3. The method of using transfer price to decide whether to in source is optimum if the selling profit center can sell all of its products to either insiders or outsiders and if buying center can obtain all of its requirements from either outside or insiders. The market price then represents the opportunity costs to the seller of selling the product inside. In this case, Thompson division had been running below capacity and Southern division also had excess inventory. The transfer price of $480 offered by Thompson division does not represent the opportunity costs of selling inside as there is no demand market for the product outside. Also, the transfer price of $480 is higher than the market price which is around $430. Deciding based on transfer price will not induce goal congruence as the situation is not ideal. Without any intervention from the vice president of Birch Paper Company, the Northern division would most probably accept the lowest bid from West Paper Company. This might result in the highest profits for Northern division but it is not in the best interests of Birch Paper Company. Accepting the bid from Thompson division would boost demand for the two other divisions. The losses cut would most probably be more than the costs saved by Northern division which is $50 ($480-$430). The vice president should give specific orders to Northern division to accept the bid from Thompson division. However, as the transaction in this case represents less than 5% of the volume of any of the divisions involved, it might not be possible for the vice president to intervene other transactions when similar problems arise. 4. Ideally, when there is an availability of market price, the division should use it. However, Thompson used a cost-based transfer price instead. Cost-based transfer price should only be used when the market price is not available. The problem with Birch’s transfer pricing system is that they allow each division to set their own price freely which is inline with the company’s policy to decentralize responsibility and authority. When each division can set their own price, conflicts and disagreements can occur on a frequent basis and each division could make decisions that only benefit their own division rather than the company as a whole. Firstly, we look at the transfer price that Thompson quoted. It is about $50 more than the market price. This shows that their price is not competitive enough. Thompson is operating below capacity and yet it quoted a price which is higher than the market price. The reason given was that anything less than $480, they will not be able to earn a profit and also, given that they did not get any profit from developing the product for Northern, Brunner feels that they are entitled to a good markup. This is inconsistent with the expectation that the division must meet the market price if they wanted the business. Market price should be used as it reflects how well is the division doing as compared to competitors. The amount of upstream fixed costs and profits that are included in the final price that was sold to the outside customer could be substantial if Thompson’s bid was accepted. And Northern might not be willing to reduce its own profit to optimize company profit. Hence, Thompson, if unwilling to follow the market price blindly, could use the two-step pricing to calculate their transfer price. That is, transferring the goods to Northern on standard variable cost on a per unit basis and fixed cost and profit on a lump sum basis. In this way, Thompson will not be transferring majority of their fixed cost to Northern because they are operating on excess capacity. But of course, this method must be discussed with Northern. It was mentioned that Southern quoted the market price to Thompson even though they are operating on excess capacity. This will not pose a problem as the market price reflects the demand and supply situation of the market and is adjusted automatically by the demand and supply. Also, account must be taken into of the fact that Thompson will not be able to get a better price from other outside sources as most will follow the market price too. The underlying problem of the transfer price system could be that each division is judged based on profits and return on investment. This causes the division to over-emphasize on profits and encourages goal incongruence. Each division aims at achieving short-term profits so as to look better in the company’s eyes. In their bid to achieve a high profit figure, they fail to optimize the company’s profit as a whole. This will affect the company long-term profits. Hence, the company should not just assess each division based solely on financial figures like profit and return on investment. The company should assess them based on other non-financial things like quality so as to divert the division’s emphasis on profits. In addition, the company should allow the divisions concerned to negotiate between themselves as they are the ones closest to the situation, rather than just asking the divisions to meet the market price.

Community Memorial Hospital

As the Chief Financial Officer of Community Memorial Hospital, I realize that it is important for all individuals to get the full benefits of their insurance and to be able to get their claims processed in a timely fashion. I also realize the importance of the community patients and our employees benefiting from their health plans. The recent signing of the contract with MegaPlan Health is of great concern and worry. The cut-throat tactics, negotiation tactics, and claims processing fights of MegaPlan Health are known throughout the hospital world.The signing of this contract will not be favorable with many of the employees. For the employees to continue to use the services provided by Community Memorial Hospital, it is imperative that we become a part of the Preferred Provider Network (PPN) or risk losing employees as patients as well as members of the community. I think the advice of CEO Katrina Eaton and CNO Nancy Strittmater are very influencing. They both seem to have the employ ees’ best interest at heart.Since the contract has already been signed, it would not of great benefit to try to pull back out of the plan. As suggested by the CEO, we will prepare our own reasonable contract proposal to present to MegaPlan Health and try to come to acceptable and agreeable terms that will be pleasing to our employees and community patients. We cannot afford the risk of losing patients. This would hurt the hospital tremendously. If the people have to travel long distances and change doctors, this will not be very pleasing to them.The terms that Community Memorial Hospital will present to MegaPlan Health must show the concern of its current patients and employees and must be suitable for the cut-throat tactics of MegaPlan Health. The suggestions of the CNO to just go ahead and sign the contract and to do it immediately are of great consideration as well. Community Memorial Hospital does not need bad rumors floating throughout its halls, and we certainly cannot risk losing some of our best nurses.We certainly don’t want our employees to panic and be of great distress. As the CFO, the interests of Community Memorial Hospital are first and foremost in my mind. I definitely want to provide my employees with the best health care plan, but I don’t want to put the hospital at risk for charges that exceed above 20%. The contract proposal that we will have to prepare will definitely stress that. Community Memorial Hospital still needs to operate and stay afloat.

Chemistry Concentration effects rate of reaction Essay

   I chose to use hydrochloric acid at 100% for the main experiment. Main Experiment For the main experiment I chose to change the concentration of the Sodium Thiosulphate. I will be testing the concentrations 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% and 10% and recording the results. I will then plot two graphs, a time graph, and a rate of reaction graph. Results: HCL (cm) Na2S2O3 (cm) Water (cm) First Experiment (s) Final Experiment (s) Increase in Time. On the next page I have drawn a graph to show the time taken for the reaction. By looking at my graph I can see that some points are slightly off of the line of best fit. To make sure that my line of best fit wasn’t wrong, I decided to plot a reaction graph. To plot the reaction graph I had to work out 1/time for each result and then plot it on a graph. Instead of the time on the y axis of the graph, I had to do a scale for my 1/time and so the numbers were not too small I had to time the 1/time by 100, so on the axis I had to label it, 1/time x 10. The reaction graph is on the next page. By looking at the reaction graph I could see that the results for the sodium thiosulphate at 70%, 50%, 30% and 20% were quite away from the line of best fit. I retested these and worked out the 1/time for them, I then plotted them in blue on the reaction graph and found they fitted much better. These are the retest results: HCL (cm) Na2S2O3 (cm) Water (cm) Time Taken (Seconds) 5 35 15 60 5 25 25 80 5 15 35 167 5 10 40 251 Some results were significantly different. The original results may have not been as accurate as there may have been contamination, inaccurate measurements or different lighting making the image seem to disappear quicker. Analysis By looking at my results I can see that my prediction was correct: The more concentrated the Sodium Thiosulphate, the faster it will react. This is because there are more molecules of Sodium Thiosulphate, so they are more likely to collide making the reaction faster. When the concentration is lower, the reaction takes place slower. The following diagram, used in my prediction, seems to be correct. In the low concentration, 50% concentration on the Sodium Thiosulphate, you can see that although there are the same amount of molecules, there is water which the Hydrochloric acid will also ‘bump’ into. This means that the Hydrochloric acid is less likely to ‘bump’ the Sodium Thiosulphate molecules and thus, make the reaction slower. I have also found out that the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction takes place, this proves my theory correct in which the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction. However, this does not prove that the particles are moving faster as I would need an electron microscope to see if this was correct. However, when the concentration of the Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid is changed it also has an effect on the reaction rate. This is because there are more molecules of the Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid and thus, they ‘bump’ into each other more often. Evaluation Overall this reaction was successful, but I think it could have been made more fair. I carried out the experiments over several days, and this may have made it unfair as the temperature and weather was different. I could have had more accuracy by carrying out the experiments in a temperature controlled environment. I also feel that the reaction was unfair due to inaccurate measurement, all measurements relied on the naked eye and may have not been the measurement we wanted, but appeared to be. I think that a way to make them fairer would be to use scales and weigh the chemicals, or use a pipette. Both of these methods are more accurate, but are much slower. In the main experiment I found some odd results, but retested them and they ‘fitted in’. The original results may have not been as accurate as there may have been contamination, inaccurate measurements or different lighting making the image seem to disappear quicker. I also feel that the reaction is an unfair one to test as it relies on the naked eye to tell when the image has been obscured completely. This can be difficult as different lighting levels can make it easier to see and sometimes the human brain may fool you into thinking the image is still there. I could change my method to make it more fair I could use lasers instead of the eye to see when the image has ‘gone’. I would place lasers on each side of the beaker, when the laser beam path gets fully obscured by the build up of sulphur, the beams would get ‘cut’ and the computer will accurately record when this has happened.

Promoting Indigenous Family Health Essay

It is a known fact that Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander populations don’t live as long as their western counterparts as shown by AMA Health Report Card (2011). ‘Closing the Gap’ (Calma 2008) is a campaign aimed at a national attempt to support and bring equity in health to our Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities. In order to be successful in this we must identify the key issues causing this inequity and through public awareness and government campaigns such as ‘closing the gap’, we become closer to our goal of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders reaching a full and greater life expectancy. Health reform initiatives are used to promote health care within their communities and encourage Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders to be educated about their own health. As a nurse, in order to assist in this process, an understanding of family centred health care and the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander concept of family must be utilized. With these two nursing skills, the local health initiatives and government campaign’s, we are providing the best opportunity and support for Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities to take control of their health and ultimately ‘close the gap’. Key issues contributing to the ‘gap’ in health and life expectancy, as identified by AMA (2011), include; low income, limited education, low levels of employment, poor housing, affordability of health care, geographical access to health care and the acceptability of the health care practice to Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities. Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service (2013) is a local health reform initiative for Aboriginals and Torres straight Islanders that provides a culturally secure environment where they can access health care due to it’s geographical location, affordability and mostly acceptability. Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service (IAMS 2013) has two centers within the Illawarra making it geographically accessible. The center is entirely aimed towards the better health of Aboriginals and Torres Straight Islanders, ensuring all health care is affordable and providing as much assistance and support where it may be needed to help these communities improve their health. The main key issue identified by AMA (2011) that is addressed within the IAMS (2013), is the acceptability. The two medical centers are entirely based on the care given to the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities, making them specialized and aware of cultural beliefs, customs and the correct communication techniques. The Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Services also employ Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander members of the community as their staff providing a culturally secure environment and a greater concept of family centred care and the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander concept of family within their approach. The AMA (2011) states that Indigenous health workers are significant in facilitating the journey of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders to better health. This also provides opportunities to the Indigenous communities to gain employment, contributing to the resolution for issues of low income and low levels of employment, as identified in the AMA Report Card (2011). Centers such as these provide Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander families a culturally secure, accessible and affordable method to be treated for their health issues in a more comfortable surrounding. On a larger scale the Department of Health and Ageing run by the Australian Government have many programs and health reform initiates in place to assist in ‘closing the gap’ as identified by Calma (2008). Element three of the Indigenous Early Childhood Development National Partnership Annual Report (2011) have a goal of increasing the provision of maternal and child health services of Indigenous children and their mothers. To achieve this, the Child and Maternal Health Services component of their program includes $90. 3million to be used for New Directions Mothers and Babies Services (Department of Health and Ageing 2011). This initiative increases access for Indigenous mothers and their children to; antenatal and postnatal care, education and assistance with breastfeeding, nutrition and parenting, monitoring of immunization status and infections, health checks and referrals for Indigenous children before starting school and monitoring developmental milestones. This initiative provides Indigenous communities with access to health care that promotes better health in the new generation of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander Australians, designed to assist with ‘closing the gap’ by raising a new generation with fewer health issues. With this, we are able to address key issues identified by AMA (2011). The main key issue addressed by this initiative is access. Consultations are held with Aboriginal Health Forums to assist in the identification of priority areas for child and maternal health services. In their annual report, the Department of health and Ageing (2011) state that this ensures that access is given those most in need considering, geographic location, affordability and acceptance. The second key issue identified in the AMA Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander Health Report Card (2011) addressed by this initiative is education. The funding provided builds a solid base for providing much needed education to mothers about their babies and already existing children. In order for a program such as this to be successful, health professionals allocated to educating Aboriginals and Torres Straight islanders must be equipped and prepared to deal with the problems faced by cultural barriers as well as being experienced in a family centred care approach (Taylor & Guerin 2010). Family centred nursing care is an important factor in the health outcome of any given patient (Bamm & Rosenbaum 2008). They also claim that there is no exact definition of family, instead, the meaning of family and their level of involvement in care provided, is determined by the patient themselves. The core concepts of successful family centred care are; respect and dignity, information sharing, participation, and collaboration (IFPCC 2013). These principles are the main constituents of effective family centred health care, and ultimately better health outcomes for the patient themselves (Mitchell, Chaboyer & Foster 2007). These concepts can be utilized, with a correct nursing approach, regardless of age, gender or cultural differences. To provide the best family centred care to Indigenous Australians, nurses must utilize the main concepts above, but also have an understanding of the Indigenous concept of family. The Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander population have strong family values, however, it differs from the usual nuclear concept of family in common ‘western’ society. Their family has an extended structure, and in order to provide adequate family centred care, this concept must be understood by health professionals on all levels, including nurses (NSW Department of Community Services 2009). This concept of extended family and their Indigenous ‘community’ as their family means that children are not only the concern of their biological parents, but the entire community. Care of the children in indigenous communities is the responsibility of everyone. Family members can be blood-related, through marriage or through their community, such as elders. It is normal for a combination of mothers, fathers, uncles, aunties, cousins, brothers, sisters or elders to be involved into the care of the individual and these figures must be treated as their direct family even if not directly blood-related (NSW Department of Community Servies 2009). In order to provide family centred care, to not only Indigenous but also all patients, a therapeutic relationship and foundation of trust should be developed (Baas 2012). The principles of family centred care should also be incorporated, especially respect of the Indigenous culture and maintaining their dignity. Respect and dignity, combined with trust and a therapeutic relationship within the Indigenous community, information sharing, participation and collaboration should follow once enough trust has been developed. To gain the trust of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander patient’s and their family, firstly an understanding of their culture should be pertained. When needed, to be aware of such customs as ‘Men’s and Women’s business’, and to respect these practices within your care (Tantiprasut and Crawford 2003). This shows the patient and their family members, you respect them and their culture. Introducing yourself in a friendly and polite manner, including all family members present and always respecting cultural values is key to receiving respect back and developing trust. Acknowledge and actively listen to the needs of the Indigenous people and also their community in a culturally appropriate manner. As described in the practice resource for working with Indigenous communities published by DOCS (2009) showing respect for their elders and community leaders and involving them in important decision making processes will also show that you respect them, their culture and that they can trust you and eventually your advice regarding health issues. In order to successfully be accepted by the community, communication techniques need to be specialized to avoid offending any members of the family or misinterpreting their language. Gaining a basic knowledge of their community will assist in understanding the dominant family groups, language groups and preferred names. This ensures you don’t step out of your boundaries and remain respectful in your approach to their care. Including or consulting with Aboriginal health care workers regarding communication and Aboriginal-English would be beneficial to adequately understand their method of communication. Understanding non-verbal methods of communication and being aware of your own non-verbal communication is highly appropriate when consulting with Indigenous communities. Always speaking with respect, clearly, and avoiding jargon will deliver the best results when building a relationship within the tribes (NSW Department of Community Services 2009). Remaining open minded when consulting with Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities in aspects of communication and family relations will avoid incorrect assumptions. It is also high important to play an active role within the community and their events. According to NSW Department of Community Services (2009) within Indigenous communities’ word of mouth is a powerful tool, once an outsider is known as someone who listens actively and can be trusted, the community will be eager to work collaboratively and participate in your health approach (NSW Department of Community Services 2009). When the principles of family centred care; trust, dignity, collaboration and participation, have all been achieved and a therapeutic relationship within the community has developed, the community will listen to your health advice. When introducing a health concept to the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander families it is important to engage them actively into your care (NSW Department of Community Services 2008). Using appropriate communication techniques to explain health issues and the reasons they need to be addressed provides them with education and knowledge regarding why interventions need to be implemented. Allowing them to discuss their options and decide as a community is also important, forcing them to uptake medical help could be seen as disrespectful. Allowing time to answer all questions and concerns from various members of the family in a manner they can understand identifies that you are actively listening and honestly concerned for their health. Demaio and Dysdale 2012 show that continuity of involvement in their community, and providing a continuous support network will only further build their trust in your advice. The ‘gap’ in health and life expectancy between Indigenous Australians and ‘westernised’ Australians is a concerning issue within the country (Calma 2008). Health reform initiatives are funded by the government and local organisations to provide accessible, affordable and culturally safe health care to our Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander communities. These initiatives are designed to address the key issues identified in the AMA Report Card (2011) regarding barriers to health care. Approaching Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander family communities utilizing the family health care principles and with a knowledge of their concept of community family and understanding of their culture increases positive outcomes in their health education and furthermore assisting to ‘close the gap’.

Cardiovascular control in exercise, the contribution of central command and muscle afferents

Cardiovascular control in exercise, the contribution of central command and muscle afferents Cardiovascular Control in Exercise, the contribution of Central Command and Muscle Afferents The human body has the ability to easily adapt when exercise begins with many of these adaptations occurring in the cardiovascular system. It is well documented that at the onset of exercise heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity progressively increase to higher levels (Lind et al, 1964). These cardiovascular adaptations are controlled by either central (Central Command) or peripheral (exercise pressor reflex) mechanisms (McCloskey results from a study by Williamson et al (2002) have shown this through hypnosis. Originally an individual’s perceived exertion during exercise was thought to be independent of any force being produced, allowing the magnitude of CC to be seen (Gandevia et al, 1993). Williamson et al (2002) obtained results related to this idea; they found that the level of CC activated was related to an individual’s sense of effo rt independently of any force being produced. Increases in HR were found during hypnosis despite no exercise being performed and increases were therefore independent of feedback from afferents within the active limb.

Homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Homework - Assignment Example The professor is still new to the U.S environment and serves as the advisor to the lesbian and gay bisexual transgender movement in campuses (Loffreda, 231). Worth noting is that she is an outsider and an insider in these events. She is quite observant and contacts an interview to the police officers, students, politicians, townspeople and activists among other people. She does this with the aim of making untying the knot of forces that is tied to the fate of the young man more visible. Furthermore, the author explores how the sexual politics unfolds in a sparsely and remote area in America. During this time the sexual politics was very common in the American culture war. She captures the daily life occurrences since 1998 in Laramie (Loffreda, 238). She does this in a more brilliant manner which occurred in Wyoming. This was a community that lived in a rural, conservative, poor and a breathtaking beautiful state which did not have a bookstore or a gay. She also focuses on several characters which include gays, homicide investigators, gay activists, the unreflective journalists in the media houses, and the appearance of Mary, Paul, and Peter. In addition, Loffreda goes through a series of events (226). She starts with the protests of the townspeople and the students against the gays. They rise above the famous anti-gay theatrics of the defrocked Fred Phelp towards the spontaneous support to matt during the homecoming parade in the university. In addition, the bias by the town council on legislation to trace evidence by the investigators is also analyzed. The book does not just look into this but also focuses on other events. She recounts on the death of matt and most surprising stories which were left out in the media

Gnostic Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Ethics Assignment

Gnostic Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Ethics - Assignment Example For the Gnostics, therefore, the first cause of reality is a transcendental pure spirit that is nothing like what we know, it is a transcendental pure spirit that we can’t conceive with our senses. However, for the Gnostics, unlike many monotheistic religions like Christianity, the first cause of reality, the unknown God, is not a personal being; the first cause is an impersonal pure spirit. To account for the multiplicity of reality, especially the material reality, the Gnostics held that God did not create or fashion reality, the way Christianity teaches, but that the cosmos as we know it emanated from the undefined infinite. The Gnostics, therefore, are in some sense pantheistic, for they hold that everything emanated from the unknown God, and therefore everything has a spark of the pure spirit, unknown God. The Gnostics hold that Aeons, which are deific beings who exist between the pure spirit and human beings, are spiritual realities, and not material. One of the Aeons is the Demiurge, and according to the Gnostics, the material reality was created by the Demiurge and not by the undefined pure spirit directly. To account for how the spiritual Demiurge created the material reality, the Gnostics claimed that, the creation of the material world resulted from a flaw or a sin on the Aeon Demiurge. For the Gnostics, therefore, the material reality is flawed because it res ulted from the flaw or sin on the Demiurge (The Gnostic Worldview, web). For this reason, therefore, Gnostic held that nature is dualistic: the spiritual reality and physical reality. A critical look at the Gnostic Metaphysics shows that the main merit in the Gnostic view of reality lies in the Gnostic scholars attempt to account for the material world. The Gnostics, however, did not give a convincing account of the origin of material reality.